Chapter Three¶

Ocean dimensions, shapes and bottom materials¶

Contents:

Data files supplied for Chapter 3 exercises

Explore the physical and chemical characteristics of seawater
Understand parameters which are calculated from basic measured characteristics
Explore vertical distributions at a single location in the South Atlantic Ocean
Examine the regional variations in vertical distributions to be examined in later chapters.
Learn how to navigate plots

DPO JOA examples are available for the following emphasized sections:

3.1	Molecular properties of water
3.2	Pressure
3.3	Thermal properties of seawater: temperature, heat and potential temperature
3.3.1	Temperature
3.3.2	Heat
3.3.3	Potential temperature
3.4	Salinity and conductivity
3.5	Density of seawater
3.5.1	Effects of temperature and salinity on density
3.5.2	Effect of pressure on density: potential density
3.5.3	Specific volume and specific volume anomaly
3.5.4	Effect of temperature and salinity on compressibility: potential and neutral density
3.5.5	Linearity and nonlinearity in the equation of state
3.5.6	Static stability and Brunt-Väisälä frequency
3.5.7	Freezing point of seawater
3.6	Other characteristic properties of seawater
3.7	Sound in the sea
3.8	Light and the sea
3.8.1	Optical properties
3.8.2	Ocean color
3.9	Ice in the sea
3.9.1	Freezing process
3.9.2	Brine rejection
3.9.3	Density and thermodynamics of sea ice
3.9.4	Mechanical properties of sea ice
3.9.5	Types of sea ice
3.9.6	Polynyas and leads
3.9.7	Ice break-up